From the earliest comparisons of RNA production with steady-state levels, it has been clear that cells transcribe more RNA than they accumulate, implying the existence of active RNA degradation systems. Natural antisense transcripts (NATs) constitute an essential class of lncRNAs, exerting various molecular functions in eukaryotes. LncRNAs can form RNA pairs (dsRNA) with complementary mRNAs in cis (cis-NATs) or trans (trans-NATs), leading to RNA degradation or the formation of functional small (sm) RNAs.

Fig. 1 RNA degradation due to long non-coding RNA forming RNA-RNA pairs. (Fonouni-Farde C, et al., 2021)

Lifeasible provides analysis service of plant lncRNA-mediated RNA degradation to help our customers worldwide in plant science research. Our platform is equipped with cutting-edge facilities and professional experts to support research. Here, we provide various services according to customers' demands.

LncRNAs Involved in Discordant Regulation

• NATs can affect the expression of sense transcripts positively (concordant regulation) or negatively (discordant regulation).
• We provide analysis services of plant lncRNA involved in discordant regulation. In plants, some NAT-lncRNA as-gene counteracts the expression of the mRNA of this gene. As a result, the overexpression of as-gene in transgenic plants leads to the absence of RNA of this gene, while the overexpression of this gene results in a complete loss of as-gene expression.

LncRNAs Involved in Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay

• Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a translation-coupled mechanism that eliminates mRNAs containing premature translation-termination codons (PTCs).
• We provide analysis services of plant lncRNA involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. The lncRNA can facilitate binding to mRNA by forming incomplete complementary pairing with elements of the 3'-UTR of the target mRNA and forming binding sites, which in turn leads to degradation of the mRNA.

LncRNAs as Precursors of Small Regulatory RNAs

• Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are 19-23 nucleotide-long double-stranded RNA molecules. They are routinely used in molecular biology for transiently silencing genes of interest. They elicit RNAi response upon binding to their target transcript based on the sequence complementarity.
• We help clients analyze the role of lncRNAs as precursors of small regulatory RNAs. Various NAT-lncRNAs have been reported to cause post-transcriptional silencing by producing regulatory siRNAs derived from NAT pairs. In some plants, an increase in the NAT-lncRNA transcript levels leads to producing 21 and 24nt siRNAs.

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Reference

1. Fonouni-Farde C, et al. (2021). "Plant Long Noncoding RNAs: New Players in the Field of Post-Transcriptional Regulations." Noncoding RNA. 7 (1), 12.

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